Ability with 会
会 + verb
会 (huì) means "can" in the sense of having learned a skill. It is used for abilities acquired through learning or practice, such as speaking a language or playing an instrument.
Pattern
Subject + 会 + Verb + Object
Explanation
会 (huì) is placed before a verb to express ability — specifically, the kind of ability you acquire through learning or practice. "I can speak Chinese" is "我会说中文" (wǒ huì shuō Zhōngwén). "She can drive" is "她会开车" (tā huì kāi chē). If you studied, practiced, or trained to gain the skill, 会 is the right word.
会 is different from 能 (néng) and 可以 (kěyǐ), which also translate to "can" in English. 会 focuses on learned ability ("I know how to swim" = 我会游泳), while 能 focuses on physical or circumstantial ability ("I can swim today because my arm healed" = 我今天能游泳), and 可以 focuses on permission ("You may swim here" = 你可以在这里游泳). At the HSK 1 level, focus on 会 for skills and learned abilities.
To negate, use 不会: "我不会做饭" (wǒ bú huì zuò fàn, "I can't cook"). To ask, add 吗 or use 会不会: "你会游泳吗?" (Can you swim?). 会 also has a secondary meaning of "will" for future probability ("明天会下雨" = It will rain tomorrow), but the learned-skill meaning is more important at this stage.
Examples
我会说中文。
Wǒ huì shuō Zhōngwén.
I can speak Chinese.
Learned skill — speaking a language
她会做饭。
Tā huì zuò fàn.
She can cook.
你会不会游泳?
Nǐ huì bu huì yóuyǒng?
Can you swim?
Verb-not-verb question form
他不会开车。
Tā bú huì kāi chē.
He can't drive.
我会写汉字。
Wǒ huì xiě Hànzì.
I can write Chinese characters.
Common Mistakes
Wrong
我会中文。
Correct
我会说中文。
会 should be followed by a verb, not a noun alone. Say "can speak Chinese" (会说中文), not "can Chinese."
Wrong
我会说不中文。
Correct
我不会说中文。
Place 不 before 会, not between 会 and the verb. The correct negative is 不会.
Wrong
你可以说中文吗?
Correct
你会说中文吗?
When asking about a learned skill (like speaking a language), use 会 not 可以. 可以 asks about permission, not ability.
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